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Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina that causes pain, itching, and vaginal discharge. It is a common condition and is usually easily treatable. Vaginitis can arise from an infection, from a change in the balance of vaginal bacteria (vaginal flora), or even due to hormonal imbalances.

The presence of vaginitis can make you feel uncomfortable or embarrassed. This usually happens due to the identification of vaginitis with Sexually Transmitted Diseases, lack of information, and taboos around issues of sexual behaviour and personal hygiene. Having vaginitis does not mean you have done something wrong, nor that you have neglected your health and personal hygiene.

Below we will refer to the types and symptoms of vaginitis, the causes, and also the ways of prevention so that you have access to the correct data.

Symptoms of Vaginitis: When should I go to the gynecologist?

If you have one or more of the following symptoms, you are likely to have vaginitis:

  • Unusual vaginal discharge with different colour, odour, or composition
  • Light vaginal bleeding or blood spots
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Pain during urination or sex
  • Swollen or cracked skin around the vagina
  • Itching, irritation, or pain in the vagina

Types of Vaginitis

Depending on the causes that provoke it, there are 3 types of vaginitis:

  1. Bacterial Vaginitis

It is caused by the excessive growth of some of the normal bacteria found in the vagina, disrupting the natural balance.

  1. Fungal Vaginitis

It is usually caused by the excessive growth of the fungus Candida albicans, which is part of the natural flora of the vagina for many women. About 75% of women will experience one or more episodes of fungal vaginitis during their lifetime.

  1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Vaginitis can be a symptom of an STD such as trichomoniasis or chlamydia.

It is important to note that bacterial and fungal vaginitis are rarely contagious, while vaginitis due to STDs, as the name implies, are mainly transmitted through sexual contact.

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Vaginitis: What Causes It and How Can I Avoid It?

The causes of vaginitis differ for each type. Sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted from other people, and in the case of trichomoniasis, even from wet towels, swimsuits, clothes, etc. Therefore, the causes in this case are clear, while, obviously, the likelihood of infection increases as the number of partners increases and protective practices are not followed.

Conversely, in bacterial and fungal vaginitis, the causes may be different for each patient, and in some cases, may never be found. Generally, hormonal changes during menopause and breastfeeding, or due to contraceptive use, vaginal washes, sprays, scented soaps, detergents, toilet paper, or tampons can irritate the vagina. Additionally, skin conditions in the genital area such as eczema, conditions like iron deficiency and diabetes, and specific antibiotics or steroid drugs can contribute to the development of vaginitis. In the case of frequent relapses, the root cause is often found in disturbances of the vaginal microflora.

To avoid developing vaginitis, follow these tips:

  • Always use a condom during sexual intercourse
  • Wear loose, cotton underwear and tights
  • Wash the external area of the vagina with plenty of water and dry well
  • Do not perform internal vaginal washes
  • Do not use scented hygiene products, soaps, or deodorants in and around the vagina
  • After using the toilet, wipe from front to back
  • Avoid using tampons
  • Avoid hot baths and whirlpools

How Can We Help You?

If you have symptoms of vaginitis, have vaginitis that has not subsided after medication, have been frequently troubled by vaginitis in the past, have recently had an active sexual life, or simply want to be informed about vaginitis, it is important to visit us. Knowing your body, recognizing the symptoms of vaginitis, and knowing when to come for an examination is very important for quick treatment and minimal inconvenience, as well as for the timely diagnosis of an STD.

Treatment for vaginitis depends on its type and the causes that have provoked it. Vaginitis usually does not cause serious health problems but can be quite annoying. However, if they occur frequently, we may recommend, in addition to STD tests, exploring the possibility of being a symptom of other diseases such as diabetes, urinary system diseases, or other skin conditions.

Sources:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vaginitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354707

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaginitis/